EU AI Act: General-Purpose AI rules enter into force

The EU AI Act was passed in 2024, but its rules apply in waves. On 2 August 2025 the obligations for "general-purpose AI" (GPAI) models kick in — i.e. the big foundation models like GPT, Claude, Gemini, Llama.

In practice: anyone selling or providing a GPAI in the EU must publish a summary of training data (so copyright holders can claim), maintain copyright-compliance policies, keep technical documentation, and cooperate with the EU AI Office.

For "systemic risk" models (training compute > 10²⁵ FLOP) there are extra duties: systemic risk evaluations, red teaming, cybersecurity, incident reporting. The Commission publishes a voluntary "Code of Practice" that companies can sign to demonstrate compliance.