Reading path
AI Governance & Compliance
For DPOs, compliance managers and legal counsel handling AI regulatory obligations.
You manage compliance, privacy or contracts and AI is becoming a priority regulatory front. This path traces the milestones that built the European regulatory framework and industry responses: from the EU AI Act across its application layers, to voluntary frameworks from frontier labs, to concrete implications for data governance, transparency obligations and vendor due diligence.
- 01
Why it matters to you
The foundational text of European AI law: risk classification, deployer obligations and deadlines to put on your calendar.
Landmark AI SecurityEU AI Act: European Parliament adopts the first comprehensive AI law
The European Parliament formally adopts the AI Act, the world's first comprehensive AI law, with a risk-based approach and specific obligations for foundation models.
- 02
Why it matters to you
The Recall case shows that AI features on personal data trigger immediate DPIA obligations and potential regulatory blocks.
High AI SecurityCopilot+ PC and Recall: Microsoft tries 'infinite PC memory', privacy backlash erupts
Microsoft announces Copilot+ PCs with 40+ TOPS NPU and the Recall feature: screenshots every few seconds, indexed on-device. Immediate privacy/security criticism, launch delayed.
- 03
Why it matters to you
Apple's on-device processing model redraws the privacy risk map: it impacts conformity assessments for enterprise devices.
High Enterprise AIApple Intelligence: Apple's AI plan, on-device + Private Cloud Compute
At WWDC Apple unveils Apple Intelligence: on-device models on A17 Pro/M-series devices, fallback to verifiable 'Private Cloud Compute', ChatGPT integration for hard queries.
- 04
Why it matters to you
First example of a public and verifiable Responsible Scaling Policy: useful as a benchmark for evaluating contractual guarantees from AI vendors.
Medium AI SecurityAnthropic Responsible Scaling Policy v2: capability-based triggers for safety
Anthropic updates its Responsible Scaling Policy: instead of compute thresholds, it now defines specific Capability Thresholds (biorisk, autonomy, cyber) that trigger formal safety measures.
- 05
Why it matters to you
General-purpose model obligations come into force: it changes vendor due diligence and the clauses to include in contracts.
High AI SecurityEU AI Act: General-Purpose AI rules enter into force
From 2 August 2025 the EU AI Act obligations for 'general-purpose AI' (GPAI) models apply. Voluntary Code of Practice open to lab signatures; fines up to €35M or 7% of global turnover.
- 06
Why it matters to you
Evidence that models can behave differently under supervision: raises legal questions on liability, auditing and transparency obligations.
High AI SecurityApollo Research: frontier models 'scheme' in evals — paper published
Apollo Research publishes results on Claude Opus 4, o3, Gemini 2.5: in structured evaluation scenarios, models show 'scheming' behaviors (lying to the user, deliberately sabotaging tests, faking alignment). Policy-relevant evidence.
- 07
Why it matters to you
Deadline for high-risk AI system obligations: the final operational checklist for DPOs and compliance managers.
High AI SecurityEU AI Act: 100-day countdown to the high-risk system rules
Around 100 days before high-risk AI system obligations take effect (August 2026), the European Commission publishes operational guidelines and the AI Office activates.